/* Xian Yang Tee — portfolio
   Layout: data-sheet grid. Compact sections, hairline rules, sans display, mono for numbers and labels. */
:root {
  --paper: #ffffff;
  --paper-2: #f2f4f6;
  --card: #f9fafb;
  --ink: #111518;
  --ink-2: #3c444a;
  --ink-3: #6b747b;
  --rule: #e2e6e9;
  --rule-2: #cdd3d8;
  --accent: #2f7a55;
  --accent-soft: #e5f1ea;
  --c-system: #2f7a55;
  --c-test: #3a6ea5;
  --c-process: #8a5a9e;
  --c-sales: #c08a1e;
  --sans: "Geist", "IBM Plex Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --mono: "Geist Mono", "IBM Plex Mono", ui-monospace, Menlo, monospace;
  --max: 1180px;
  --r: 8px;
  color-scheme: light;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; scroll-padding-top: 64px; }
body {
  margin: 0; background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink);
  font: 16px/1.6 var(--sans); -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  font-feature-settings: "ss01", "cv11";
}
img { max-width: 100%; display: block; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--rule-2); text-underline-offset: 3px; }
a:hover { color: var(--accent); text-decoration-color: var(--accent); }
.wrap { max-width: var(--max); margin: 0 auto; padding-left: max(24px, env(safe-area-inset-left, 0px)); padding-right: max(24px, env(safe-area-inset-right, 0px)); }

/* Header */
body::before { content: ""; position: fixed; inset: 0 0 auto; height: env(safe-area-inset-top, 0px); z-index: 10; background: var(--paper); }
.top {
  position: sticky; top: env(safe-area-inset-top, 0px); z-index: 10;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 92%, transparent);
  backdrop-filter: saturate(140%) blur(10px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.top .wrap { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; height: 52px; gap: 16px; }
.brand { font-weight: 600; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; }
.brand::before { content: ""; width: 10px; height: 10px; border-radius: 2px; background: var(--accent); }
.brand span { display: none; }
.nav { display: flex; gap: 4px; font-size: 14px; }
.nav a { text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink-2); white-space: nowrap; padding: 6px 10px; border-radius: 6px; }
.nav a:hover { color: var(--ink); background: var(--paper-2); }
.nav a[aria-current] { color: var(--ink); background: var(--paper-2); }
@media (max-width: 680px) { .nav .hide-sm { display: none; } }
@media (max-width: 420px) { .nav .hide-xs { display: none; } }

/* Type */
h1, h2, h3 { text-wrap: balance; font-family: var(--sans); font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -0.025em; margin: 0; }
h1 { font-size: clamp(32px, 4.4vw, 52px); line-height: 1.06; letter-spacing: -0.035em; }
h2 { font-size: clamp(24px, 2.6vw, 32px); line-height: 1.15; }
h3 { font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.3; letter-spacing: -0.015em; }
.kicker { font: 500 12px/1 var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--accent); margin: 0 0 10px; }
.lede { font-size: clamp(16.5px, 1.5vw, 18px); line-height: 1.6; color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 680px; }
p { margin: 0 0 0.9em; }
.muted { color: var(--ink-3); }
sub { line-height: 0; }

section { padding: 56px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
section.first { border-top: 0; }
.sec-head { display: grid; gap: 4px; margin-bottom: 24px; max-width: 760px; }
.sec-head .kicker { margin: 0 0 6px; }
.sec-head .lede { margin: 8px 0 0 !important; }
@media (max-width: 760px) { section { padding: 44px 0; } }

/* Hero */
.hero { padding-top: 48px; padding-bottom: 48px; display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.35fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 48px; align-items: end; }
.hero h1 em { font-style: normal; color: var(--accent); }
.hero .lede { margin-top: 18px; }
.actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; margin-top: 24px; }
.btn {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; height: 40px;
  padding: 0 16px; border-radius: 6px; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 500;
  text-decoration: none; border: 1px solid var(--rule-2); color: var(--ink); background: var(--card);
}
.btn.primary { background: var(--ink); color: #fff; border-color: var(--ink); }
.btn.primary:hover { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); color: #fff; }
.btn:hover { border-color: var(--ink-3); color: var(--ink); }
.facts { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 1px; background: var(--rule); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--r); overflow: hidden; margin: 0; }
.facts div { background: var(--card); padding: 16px 18px; }
.facts b { display: block; font: 600 26px/1.1 var(--sans); letter-spacing: -0.03em; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.facts span { display: block; margin-top: 6px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.45; color: var(--ink-3); }
@media (max-width: 900px) { .hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 28px; padding-top: 36px; padding-bottom: 36px; } }

/* Cards (legacy) */
.cards { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 12px; }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .cards { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.card { background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--r); padding: 20px; }

/* Feature */
.feature { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 40px; align-items: center; }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .feature { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 24px; } }

/* Publications */
.pubs { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.pubs li { padding: 12px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); display: grid; grid-template-columns: 72px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 16px; }
.pubs .yr { font: 500 13px/1.6 var(--mono); color: var(--ink-3); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.pubs .t { font-weight: 500; font-size: 15.5px; line-height: 1.45; }
.pubs .t a { text-decoration: none; }
.pubs .t a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.pubs .m { font-size: 13.5px; color: var(--ink-3); margin-top: 2px; }
.tag { display: inline-block; font: 500 10.5px/1 var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.05em; text-transform: uppercase; padding: 4px 6px; border-radius: 4px; background: var(--accent-soft); color: var(--accent); margin-left: 8px; vertical-align: 2px; }
@media (max-width: 520px) { .pubs li { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2px; } }

/* Skills */
.skills { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 1px; background: var(--rule); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--r); overflow: hidden; }
.skills > div { background: var(--card); padding: 16px 18px; }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .skills { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; } }
@media (max-width: 480px) { .skills { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.skills h3 { font: 500 12px var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--accent); margin-bottom: 8px; }
.skills ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.skills li { padding: 4px 0; font-size: 14.5px; color: var(--ink-2); }

/* Contact & footer */
.contact .wrap { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 20px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.contact h2 { max-width: 620px; }
.contact .kicker { width: 100%; margin-bottom: -8px; }
.contact .actions { margin-top: 0; }
footer { border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); padding: 18px 0 28px; font-size: 13px; color: var(--ink-3); }
footer .wrap { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 16px; flex-wrap: wrap; }

/* Case-study pages */
.cs-hero { padding-top: 44px; padding-bottom: 32px; }
.cs-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(30px, 4vw, 46px); max-width: 900px; }
.meta { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 1px; background: var(--rule); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--r); overflow: hidden; margin-top: 24px; font-size: 14px; color: var(--ink-2); }
.meta span { background: var(--card); padding: 12px 16px; }
.meta b { display: block; font: 500 11px var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-3); margin-bottom: 4px; }
@media (max-width: 760px) { .meta { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.wide-img { margin: 20px 0 0; }
.wide-img img { width: 100%; border-radius: var(--r); aspect-ratio: 16/6; object-fit: cover; }
figcaption { font-size: 13px; color: var(--ink-3); margin-top: 8px; }

.prose { max-width: 720px; }
.prose p, .prose li { color: var(--ink-2); }
.prose p strong, .prose li strong { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; }
.two { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.1fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 40px; align-items: start; }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .two { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 24px; } }
.two figure { margin: 0; }
.two img { border-radius: var(--r); width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 4/3; object-fit: cover; }

.specs { list-style: none; margin: 16px 0 0; padding: 0; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--r); background: var(--card); overflow: hidden; }
.specs li { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 16px; padding: 9px 14px; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); font-size: 14px; min-width: 0; }
.specs li:first-child { border-top: 0; }
.specs li span:first-child { color: var(--ink-3); }
.specs li span:last-child { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 13px; text-align: right; min-width: 0; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }

.result { background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-left: 3px solid var(--accent); border-radius: 0 var(--r) var(--r) 0; padding: 18px 20px; margin: 20px 0; }
.result b { font: 600 36px/1 var(--sans); letter-spacing: -0.03em; color: var(--accent); display: block; margin-bottom: 6px; }
.result p { margin: 0; color: var(--ink-2); }

.transfer { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 1px; background: var(--rule); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--r); overflow: hidden; }
.transfer div { background: var(--card); padding: 16px 18px; }
.transfer h3 { font-size: 15.5px; margin-bottom: 4px; }
.transfer p { font-size: 14.5px; color: var(--ink-2); margin: 0; }
@media (max-width: 680px) { .transfer { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }

.next { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; gap: 20px; flex-wrap: wrap; }

ul.plain { margin: 0 0 1em; padding-left: 18px; color: var(--ink-2); }
ul.plain li { margin: 4px 0; }
ul.plain li::marker { color: var(--accent); }

/* Diagram */
.diagram-card { margin: 0; background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--r); padding: 16px; }
.diagram-card svg { width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }
.diagram-card figcaption { margin-top: 8px; }
.d-struct { fill: var(--paper-2); stroke: var(--rule-2); stroke-width: 1; }
.d-accent { fill: var(--accent-soft); stroke: var(--accent); stroke-width: 1; }
.d-wafer { fill: var(--rule); stroke: var(--ink-3); stroke-width: 1; }
.d-label { font: 500 13px var(--sans); fill: var(--ink); }
.d-small { font: 500 11px var(--mono); fill: var(--ink-3); letter-spacing: .06em; }
.d-beam { stroke: var(--accent); stroke-width: 2.5; stroke-linecap: round; }
.d-line { stroke: var(--ink-2); stroke-width: 1.5; }
.d-dash { stroke: var(--ink-3); stroke-width: 1; stroke-dasharray: 4 4; }

a:focus-visible, .btn:focus-visible, button:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { html { scroll-behavior: auto; } * { transition: none !important; } }
@media (max-width: 420px) { .wrap { padding-left: max(16px, env(safe-area-inset-left, 0px)); padding-right: max(16px, env(safe-area-inset-right, 0px)); } }

/* Experience explorer */
.explorer { min-width: 0; }
.ex-toolbar { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-bottom: 16px; }
.view-switch { display: inline-flex; padding: 3px; gap: 2px; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 8px; background: var(--paper-2); }
.view-btn { font: 500 14px var(--sans); color: var(--ink-2); background: transparent; border: 0; border-radius: 6px; padding: 7px 14px; cursor: pointer; }
.view-btn[aria-pressed="true"] { background: var(--card); color: var(--ink); box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px var(--rule); }
.view-btn:hover:not([aria-pressed="true"]) { color: var(--ink); }

.ex-caption { font-size: 13px; color: var(--ink-3); margin: 0 0 8px; }
.mix { display: flex; gap: 2px; height: 6px; border-radius: 3px; overflow: hidden; width: 100%; }
.mix .seg { display: block; min-width: 0; border: 0; padding: 0; }
.mix-big { height: 36px; border-radius: 6px; gap: 2px; }
.mix-big .seg { position: relative; cursor: pointer; display: flex; align-items: center; padding-left: 10px; opacity: .55; transition: opacity .15s; }
.mix-big .seg[aria-pressed="true"], .mix-big .seg:hover { opacity: 1; }
.seg-label { font: 500 12.5px var(--mono); color: #fff; white-space: nowrap; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.seg-system { background: var(--c-system); } .seg-test { background: var(--c-test); }
.seg-process { background: var(--c-process); } .seg-sales { background: var(--c-sales); }
.k-system { color: var(--c-system) !important; } .k-test { color: var(--c-test) !important; }
.k-process { color: var(--c-process) !important; } .k-sales { color: var(--c-sales) !important; }

.ex-picker { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; margin: 10px 0 16px; }
.pick, .legend-item { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; font: 500 13.5px var(--sans); color: var(--ink-2); background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 6px; padding: 6px 11px; cursor: pointer; }
.pick[aria-pressed="true"] { color: var(--ink); border-color: var(--ink); }
.pick:hover, .legend-item:hover { border-color: var(--ink-3); color: var(--ink); }
.dot { width: 8px; height: 8px; border-radius: 2px; flex: none; background: var(--ink-3); }
.pick-system .dot, .dot-system { background: var(--c-system); } .pick-test .dot, .dot-test { background: var(--c-test); }
.pick-process .dot, .dot-process { background: var(--c-process); } .pick-sales .dot, .dot-sales { background: var(--c-sales); }

.ex-panel { background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--r); padding: 20px 22px; min-width: 0; }
.ex-head { padding-bottom: 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); margin-bottom: 4px; }
.ex-head h3 { font-size: 22px; margin: 4px 0 2px; outline: none; }
.ex-kicker { font: 500 11.5px var(--mono); letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-3); margin: 0; }
.ex-role { color: var(--ink-2); margin: 0 0 4px; font-weight: 500; font-size: 15px; }
.ex-about { color: var(--ink-2); margin: 4px 0 0; max-width: 760px; font-size: 15px; }
.ex-mixrow { margin-top: 12px; max-width: 520px; }
.ex-legend { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; margin: 8px 0 0; }
.legend-item { font-size: 12.5px; padding: 4px 9px; }
.ex-group { padding: 12px 0 2px; }
.ex-group + .ex-group { border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.ex-group-head { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px; width: 100%; text-align: left; background: none; border: 0; padding: 0; cursor: pointer; font: 600 14.5px var(--sans); color: var(--ink); }
.ex-group-head:hover span:first-child { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px; }
.ex-group-head .muted { font: 500 12.5px var(--mono); white-space: nowrap; }
.ex-group-label { font: 500 11.5px var(--mono); letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0; }
.ex-items { list-style: none; margin: 6px 0 6px; padding: 0; columns: 2; column-gap: 32px; }
.ex-items li { break-inside: avoid; position: relative; padding: 4px 0 4px 16px; color: var(--ink-2); font-size: 14.5px; line-height: 1.5; }
.ex-items li::before { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 11px; width: 6px; height: 6px; border-radius: 1.5px; background: var(--ink-3); }
.ex-items li.it-system::before { background: var(--c-system); } .ex-items li.it-test::before { background: var(--c-test); }
.ex-items li.it-process::before { background: var(--c-process); } .ex-items li.it-sales::before { background: var(--c-sales); }
@media (max-width: 1000px) { .ex-items { columns: 1; } }
.ex-link { margin: 12px 0 0; font-weight: 500; font-size: 14.5px; }

.ex-split { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 260px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 16px; align-items: start; }
.ex-roles { display: flex; flex-direction: column; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--r); background: var(--card); overflow: hidden; }
.role-btn { display: grid; gap: 2px; text-align: left; background: transparent; border: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); padding: 10px 14px 12px; cursor: pointer; font-family: var(--sans); color: var(--ink); }
.role-btn:first-child { border-top: 0; }
.role-btn:hover { background: var(--paper); }
.role-btn[aria-pressed="true"] { background: var(--paper-2); box-shadow: inset 3px 0 0 var(--accent); }
.role-when { font: 500 11.5px var(--mono); color: var(--ink-3); }
.role-org { font-weight: 600; font-size: 14px; }
.role-title { font-size: 12.5px; color: var(--ink-2); margin-bottom: 5px; }
@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .ex-split { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .ex-roles { flex-direction: row; overflow-x: auto; scroll-snap-type: x mandatory; }
  .role-btn { min-width: 190px; scroll-snap-align: start; border-top: 0; border-left: 1px solid var(--rule); }
  .role-btn:first-child { border-left: 0; }
}
@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .ex-panel { padding: 16px; }
  .mix-big .seg-label { font-size: 11px; }
  .mix-big .seg { padding-left: 6px; }
}

/* Case-study grids */
.triad { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 1px; background: var(--rule); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--r); overflow: hidden; }
.triad > div { background: var(--card); padding: 16px 18px; }
.triad h3 { font-size: 15.5px; margin-bottom: 6px; }
.triad p { margin: 0; font-size: 14.5px; color: var(--ink-2); }
.triad p strong { color: var(--ink); }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .triad { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.specs.patents { margin-top: 0; }
.specs.patents li span:first-child { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 12.5px; color: var(--ink-3); white-space: nowrap; }
.specs.patents li span:last-child { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 14px; color: var(--ink); text-align: right; }

/* Light alternating sections */
#experience, #patents { background: var(--paper-2); }
#experience .ex-panel, #experience .ex-roles, #experience .pick, #experience .legend-item { background: #fff; }
#experience .view-switch { background: #e9ecef; }
#experience .view-btn[aria-pressed="true"] { background: #fff; }
#patents .pubs { border-top-color: var(--rule-2); }
#patents .pubs li { border-bottom-color: var(--rule-2); }
.tag-muted { background: #e9ecef; color: var(--ink-2); }

/* Projects */
.projects { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr)); gap: 16px; }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .projects { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.project { display: grid; grid-template-rows: auto 1fr; text-decoration: none; color: inherit; background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--r); overflow: hidden; transition: border-color .15s; }
.project:hover { border-color: var(--ink-3); color: inherit; }
.project-media { aspect-ratio: 16/9; background: var(--paper-2); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); overflow: hidden; }
.project-media img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.diagram-media { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 12px; }
.diagram-media svg { width: 100%; height: 100%; }
.project-body { padding: 18px 20px 20px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.project-body .kicker { margin-bottom: 8px; }
.project-body h3 { font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.project-body p { color: var(--ink-2); font-size: 14.5px; margin: 0 0 14px; }
.project-link { margin-top: auto; font-weight: 500; font-size: 14px; color: var(--accent); }

/* Multipage additions */
.page-top { padding-top: 40px; }
.hero { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 300px; align-items: center; padding-bottom: 32px; }
.portrait { margin: 0; position: relative; width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 4/5; border-radius: var(--r); overflow: hidden; background: linear-gradient(160deg, var(--paper-2), #e3e7ea); border: 1px solid var(--rule); display: grid; place-items: center; }
.portrait img { position: absolute; inset: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.portrait span { font: 600 56px var(--sans); letter-spacing: -0.04em; color: var(--rule-2); }
@media (max-width: 900px) { .hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .portrait { width: 180px; order: -1; } }
.facts-row { padding-bottom: 48px; }
.facts-4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
@media (max-width: 760px) { .facts-4 { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; } }

.disc-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 12px; }
@media (max-width: 900px) { .disc-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; } }
@media (max-width: 480px) { .disc-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.disc { display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto 1fr auto; align-items: center; gap: 4px 8px; text-decoration: none; color: inherit; background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--r); padding: 16px; transition: border-color .15s; }
.disc:hover { border-color: var(--ink-3); color: inherit; }
.disc b { font-size: 15px; }
.disc .share { font: 500 13px var(--mono); color: var(--ink-3); }
.disc p { grid-column: 1 / -1; margin: 6px 0 0; font-size: 14px; color: var(--ink-2); }
.more-link { margin: 16px 0 0; font-weight: 500; font-size: 14.5px; }
.more-link a { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: none; }

.split-links { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(260px, 1fr)); gap: 12px; }
@media (max-width: 760px) { .split-links { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.link-card { display: block; text-decoration: none; color: inherit; background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--r); padding: 18px 20px; transition: border-color .15s; }
.link-card:hover { border-color: var(--ink-3); color: inherit; }
.link-card .kicker { margin-bottom: 6px; }
.link-card b { display: block; font-size: 18px; letter-spacing: -0.015em; margin-bottom: 4px; }
.link-card span { font-size: 14.5px; color: var(--ink-2); }
#experience, #patents { background: transparent; }

/* About page */
.about-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 280px; gap: 48px; align-items: start; }
@media (max-width: 900px) { .about-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .about-grid .portrait { width: 180px; order: -1; } }
.about-h1 { font-size: clamp(30px, 3.6vw, 42px); }
.about-role { color: var(--ink-3); margin: 6px 0 18px; font-weight: 500; }
.two-lists { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 32px; }
@media (max-width: 760px) { .two-lists { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.two-lists .sec-head { margin-bottom: 10px; }
footer a { color: var(--ink-2); }

/* Pillar donut */
.pillars { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 300px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 28px; align-items: center; }
.pillars .disc-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .pillars { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .pillars .pie { max-width: 280px; margin: 0 auto; } }
@media (max-width: 480px) { .pillars .disc-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.pie { width: 100%; }
.pie svg { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; overflow: visible; }
.pie path { cursor: pointer; transition: opacity .15s, transform .15s; transform-origin: 150px 150px; }
.pie.has-active path { opacity: .35; }
.pie.has-active path.on { opacity: 1; transform: scale(1.035); }
.pie .pie-pct { font: 600 44px var(--sans); letter-spacing: -0.03em; fill: var(--ink); }
.pie .pie-name { font: 500 13px var(--sans); fill: var(--ink-2); }
.pie .pie-sub { font: 500 10.5px var(--mono); letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; fill: var(--ink-3); }
.pie .pie-seg-label { font: 600 13px var(--mono); fill: #fff; pointer-events: none; }
.pie-caption { text-align: center; font-size: 12.5px; color: var(--ink-3); margin: 8px 0 0; }
.disc.on { border-color: var(--ink-3); background: var(--paper); }
.exp-head { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 260px; gap: 40px; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 24px; }
.exp-head .sec-head { margin-bottom: 0; }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .exp-head { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 16px; } .exp-head .pie { max-width: 240px; } }

/* Home hero spacing */
.hero .kicker { margin-bottom: 16px; }
.hero h1 { line-height: 1.1; font-size: clamp(32px, 3.9vw, 46px); }
.hero .lede { margin-top: 22px; max-width: 690px; }
.hero .actions { margin-top: 28px; }
.hero { padding-top: 56px; padding-bottom: 40px; gap: 56px; }
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .hero { padding-top: 28px; gap: 22px; }
  .hero .portrait { width: 150px; }
  .hero .kicker { font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: 0.06em; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 12px; }
  .hero h1 { font-size: 31px; }
  .hero .lede { margin-top: 16px; }
}
h1, h2 { text-wrap: balance; } .lede, .prose p { text-wrap: pretty; }
.eq { font: 500 15px var(--mono); color: var(--ink); background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 6px; padding: 10px 14px; overflow-x: auto; }
.thesis-card { background: #fff; }
.two img.thesis-fig, img.thesis-fig { width: 100%; height: auto; aspect-ratio: auto; object-fit: contain; border-radius: 4px; background: #fff; display: block; }

.transfer.t3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
@media (max-width: 900px) { .transfer.t3 { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; } }
@media (max-width: 600px) { .transfer.t3 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }

.part-banner { background: var(--paper-2); border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); padding: 32px 0 !important; }
.part-banner .lede { margin-top: 10px; max-width: 760px; }

/* wide flow diagrams: keep legible on phones by scrolling inside the card */
.scroll-x { overflow-x: auto; -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; }
@media (max-width: 720px) { .diagram-card.wide .scroll-x svg { min-width: 760px; } }
.specs li span:first-child { flex-shrink: 0; }

/* LabVIEW program views */
.lv { margin-top: 40px; }
.lv-h { font-size: 18px; margin: 0 0 6px; }
.lv-note { color: var(--ink-3); font-size: 14px; max-width: 72ch; margin: 0 0 18px; }
.lv-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 18px; align-items: start; }
.lv-fig { margin: 0; background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--r); padding: 12px; }
.lv-fig.span2 { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
.lv-fig.narrow img { max-width: 900px; margin: 0 auto; }
.lv-fig img { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 4px; background: #fff; }
.lv-fig figcaption { margin-top: 10px; font-size: 13.5px; color: var(--ink-2); }
@media (max-width: 720px) { .lv-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }

/* Projects dropdown in the main navigation */
.dd { position: relative; }
.dd-top { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 5px; }
.dd-caret { width: 10px; height: 6px; transition: transform .15s; }
.dd-panel { position: absolute; right: -8px; top: calc(100% + 8px); width: 330px; max-width: calc(100vw - 24px); background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 12px; box-shadow: 0 12px 36px rgba(0,0,0,.12); padding: 8px; opacity: 0; visibility: hidden; transform: translateY(-4px); transition: opacity .15s, transform .15s, visibility .15s; z-index: 20; }
.dd-panel::before { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; top: -10px; height: 10px; }
.dd:hover .dd-panel, .dd:focus-within .dd-panel, .dd.open .dd-panel { opacity: 1; visibility: visible; transform: none; }
.dd:hover .dd-caret, .dd.open .dd-caret { transform: rotate(180deg); }
.dd-head { margin: 6px 10px 4px; font: 500 10.5px var(--mono); letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-3); }
.nav .dd-item { display: block; padding: 8px 10px; border-radius: 8px; white-space: normal; }
.nav .dd-item b { display: block; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 500; color: var(--ink); }
.nav .dd-item span { display: block; font-size: 12.5px; color: var(--ink-3); margin-top: 1px; }
.nav .dd-item:hover, .nav .dd-item[aria-current] { background: var(--paper-2); }
.nav .dd-cap { border-left: 3px solid var(--accent); border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0; margin: 2px 0; background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent-soft) 60%, transparent); }
.nav .dd-cap:hover, .nav .dd-cap[aria-current] { background: var(--accent-soft); }
.dd-head + .dd-item:not(.dd-cap) { margin-top: 0; }
.nav .dd-all { display: block; margin-top: 6px; padding: 8px 10px; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 0 0 8px 8px; font-size: 13.5px; color: var(--accent); }
@media (max-width: 520px) { .dd { position: static; } .dd-panel { right: 12px; left: 12px; width: auto; max-width: none; top: 52px; } }
@media (max-width: 440px) { .nav { gap: 0; } .nav a { padding: 6px 7px; } .dd-top { gap: 3px; } }
@media (max-width: 380px) { .brand { font-size: 14px; gap: 6px; } .nav { font-size: 13px; } .nav a { padding: 6px 5px; } }
.prose h3 { margin: 22px 0 6px; font-size: 17px; }
.prose h3:first-child { margin-top: 0; }
.triad.t4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
@media (max-width: 1000px) { .triad.t4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); } }
@media (max-width: 600px) { .triad.t4 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }

/* Case study: four-part map and part headers */
.pmap { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 12px; }
@media (max-width: 1000px) { .pmap { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0,1fr)); } }
@media (max-width: 600px) { .pmap { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.pm { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 6px; text-decoration: none; color: inherit; background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--r); padding: 16px 18px; transition: border-color .15s; }
.pm:hover { border-color: var(--accent); color: inherit; }
.pm-n { display: inline-grid; place-items: center; width: 30px; height: 30px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--accent); color: #fff; font-weight: 600; font-size: 15px; }
.pm b { font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; }
.pm p { margin: 0; font-size: 14px; color: var(--ink-2); }
.pm em { margin-top: auto; padding-top: 6px; font-style: normal; font-size: 13.5px; color: var(--accent); font-weight: 500; }
.part-banner { scroll-margin-top: 56px; }
.pb { display: flex; gap: 22px; align-items: flex-start; }
.pb-n { flex: none; display: grid; place-items: center; width: 64px; height: 64px; border-radius: 16px; background: var(--accent); color: #fff; font-size: 34px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.02em; }
.pb h2 { font-size: clamp(28px, 3.4vw, 38px); }
.pb-shows { margin: 12px 0 0; padding: 10px 14px; background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-left: 3px solid var(--accent); border-radius: 6px; font-size: 14.5px; color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 760px; }
.pb-shows b { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 600; }
@media (max-width: 600px) { .pb { gap: 14px; } .pb-n { width: 46px; height: 46px; font-size: 24px; border-radius: 12px; } }

/* Expertise pages: problem index and problem cards */
.pindex { list-style: none; margin: 0 0 30px; padding: 0; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 2px 24px; counter-reset: none; }
@media (max-width: 760px) { .pindex { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.pindex a { display: flex; gap: 10px; padding: 6px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink); font-size: 14.5px; }
.pindex a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.pindex span { font: 500 12px var(--mono); color: var(--accent); padding-top: 3px; min-width: 22px; }
.pgroup { font-size: 19px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 34px 0 14px; }
.pgrid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 14px; }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .pgrid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.pcard { background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--r); padding: 18px 20px; scroll-margin-top: 70px; }
.pc-top { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.pc-n { font: 600 13px var(--mono); color: #fff; background: var(--accent); border-radius: 6px; padding: 2px 7px; }
.pc-tag { font: 500 11px var(--mono); letter-spacing: .06em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-3); }
.pcard h3 { font-size: 16.5px; line-height: 1.35; margin: 0 0 10px; }
.pcard dl { margin: 0; display: grid; gap: 8px; }
.pcard dt { font: 500 11px var(--mono); letter-spacing: .06em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-3); }
.pcard dd { margin: 2px 0 0; font-size: 14.5px; color: var(--ink-2); }
.pcard dt:nth-of-type(3) { color: var(--accent); }
.pcard dd:last-of-type { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 500; }
.callout { background: var(--accent-soft); border: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 30%, transparent); border-radius: var(--r); padding: 14px 18px; font-size: 15px; color: var(--ink-2); }
.callout b { color: var(--ink); }
.split-links:has(> :nth-child(4)) { grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(230px, 1fr)); }